system for inspection and monitoring of an internal surface of a pipe and method of inspection and m

专利摘要:
SYSTEM FOR INSPECTION AND MONITORING OF AN INTERNAL SURFACE OF A PIPE AND METHOD OF INSPECTION AND MONITORING OF AN INTERNAL SURFACE OF A PIPE Systems and methods for inspection and monitoring of an internal surface of a pipe. A system includes a pig arranged in a pipe, one or more optical computing devices arranged in a pig adjacent to the inner surface of the pipe for monitoring at least one substance present on the inner surface. Optical computing devices include at least one integrated computational element configured to interact optically with at least one substance and thus generate optically interacted light, and at least one detector arranged to receive optically interacted light and generate a signal corresponding output for a characteristic of at least one substance. A signal processor is communicatively coupled with at least one detector from each optical computing device to receive the output signal from each optical computing device and determine the characteristic of at least one substance.
公开号:BR112015002550B1
申请号:R112015002550-1
申请日:2013-09-10
公开日:2020-11-03
发明作者:Ola Tunheim；Robert P. Freese；Christopher Michael Jones；Lawrence James Abney；James Robert Maclennan；Thomas Idland
申请人:Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Historic
[0001] The present invention relates to optical analysis systems and, in particular, systems and methods that employ optical analysis systems to inspect and monitor the inside of a pipe.
[0002] In the oil and gas industry, an instrument known as a "pig" refers to any variety of mobile line inspection devices that are introduced and transported (for example, pumped, pushed, pulled, self-propelled, etc. .) through a pipe a flow line. Pigs often fulfill several basic functions when traversing the pipeline, including cleaning the pipeline to ensure fluid flow is unobstructed and separating different fluids that flow through the pipeline. Modern pigs, however, can be highly sophisticated instruments that include electronic products and sensors used to collect various forms of data as they travel through the pipeline. These pigs, often referred to as smart pigs or inline inspection pigs, can be configured to inspect the inside or inside of the pipe, and capture and record specific geometric information regarding the sizing and positioning of the pipe at any point along the length of the same. Smart pigs can also be configured to determine the thickness of the pipe wall and the weld integrity of the joint pipe with the appropriate detection equipment.
[0003] Smart pigs, which are also referred to as in-line inspection tools, typically use technologies such as magnetic flux leakage (MFL) and electromagnetic acoustic transducers to detect punctured surfaces, corrosion, cracks, and weld defects in steel tubes. / ferrous. Acoustic resonance technology has also been used to detect various aspects and defects in a pipe. After performing a scraping, the positional data recorded from several external sensors are combined with the pipe evaluation data (corrosion, cracks, etc.) from the pig to generate a specific defect map of the location and characterization. The combined data is useful in determining the general location, type and size of various types of tube defects. The data can also be used to assess the severity of defects and help repair equipment, locate and repair defects.
[0004] Although conventional smart pigs are generally able to locate various piping defects, they are, for the most part, unable to provide adequate reasons for the specific defect that is occurring or has occurred. For example, pipe corrosion can be developed for a number of reasons, including the presence of acids or other caustic substances and chemicals that flow into the pipe. Knowing the "reason" for corrosion or another event that is occurring, can prove to be advantageous for an operator to stop or reverse the corrosive effects.
[0005] In addition, conventional smart pigs are largely unable to effectively track the formation of both organic and inorganic deposits detected in ducts and flow lines. Typically, the analysis of such deposits is conducted offline using laboratory analyzes, such as spectroscopy and / or wet chemical methods, which analyze a sample extracted from the fluid. Although offline, retrospective analyzes may be satisfactory in certain cases, but they do not, however, allow real-time or near real-time analysis capabilities, but often require hours or days to complete the analysis. During the time interval between collection and analysis, the characteristics of the sample extracted from the chemical composition often change, thus making the sample properties not indicative of the true chemical composition or characteristic. Efficiently and accurately identifying organic and inorganic deposits in pipelines may prove to be advantageous for pipeline operators to mitigate corrective action. In addition, accurately identifying the concentration of such deposit accumulations in pipelines can provide valuable information on the effectiveness of treatments designed to neutralize deposits. Summary of the invention
[0006] The present invention relates to optical analysis systems and, in particular, systems and methods that employ optical analysis systems to inspect and monitor the inside of a pipe.
[0007] In some aspects of the present description, an inspection and monitoring system for an internal surface of a pipe is described. The system may include a mobile in-line inspection device disposed inside the pipeline, one or more optical computing devices arranged on the mobile in-line inspection device adjacent to the internal surface of the pipeline for monitoring at least one substance present on the surface internal. One or more optical computing devices can include at least one integrated computational element configured to optically interact with at least one optically substance and thus generate at least one detector arranged to receive optically interacted light and generate a corresponding output signal to a characteristic of at least one substance. The system may further include a signal processor communicably coupled to at least one detector from each optical computing device to receive the output signal from each optical computing device, the signal processor being configured to determine the characteristic of at least a substance as detected by each optical computing device and provide a resulting output signal.
[0008] In other aspects of the description, a method of inspecting and monitoring an internal surface of a pipe is described. The method may include the introduction of a mobile in-line inspection device into the inner part of the pipe, the mobile in-line inspection device having one or more optical computing devices disposed there adjacent to the internal surface of the pipe, where each computing device optics has at least one integrated computational element disposed therein, the electromagnetic radiation interacting optically radiated from at least one substance present on the inner surface of the pipe, with at least one integrated computational element from each optical computing device, and the determination with the signal processor of a characteristic of at least one substance detected by each optical computing device.
[0009] The features and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the description of the preferred embodiments below. Brief description of the drawings
[0010] The following figures are included to illustrate certain aspects of the present invention, and should not be seen as exclusive achievements. The published material is capable of considerable modifications, alterations, combinations and the equivalents of form and function, as it will happen with the technicians in the subject and with the benefit of this description.
[0011] Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary integrated computing element, according to one or more achievements;
[0012] Figure 2 illustrates a block diagram illustrating non mechanistically how an optical computing device distinguishes electromagnetic radiation related to a characteristic of interest from other electromagnetic radiation, according to one or more achievements;
[0013] Figures 3A-3D illustrate exemplary systems for monitoring the inside of a pipe, according to one or more achievements; and
[0014] Figure 4 illustrates an exemplary optical computing device, according to one or more achievements. Detailed Description
[0015] The present invention relates to optical analysis systems and, in particular, systems and methods that employ optical analysis systems to inspect and monitor the inside of a pipe.
[0016] The exemplary systems and methods described here employ various configurations of optical computing devices, also commonly referred to as "analytical optical devices", for inspection and monitoring of the internal part of the pipeline, including the internal radial surface of the pipeline and the fluid that flows inside. Optical computing devices can be arranged in another way or installed in a mobile online inspection device, also known as a "pig". A significant and distinct advantage of these optical computing devices is that they can be configured to specifically detect and / or measure a particular component or feature of interest in a chemical composition or other substance, allowing qualitative and / or quantitative analysis of the substances in pipelines without having to extract a sample and perform lengthy analysis of the sample in an off-site laboratory. As a result, optical computing devices can advantageously provide real-time or near real-time monitoring of internal piping components that currently cannot be achieved with on-the-job analysis or through more detailed analysis that takes place in a laboratory.
[0017] In operation, for example, optical computing devices, as installed in a mobile in-line inspection device, can be useful and advantageous in the digitization and chemical mapping of the internal components of the pipe wall and also monitor the fluids that flow into the inside the pipe. In other respects, optical computing devices, when installed on the mobile line inspection device, can still be useful and otherwise advantageous in monitoring chemical reactions that occur inside the pipeline, monitoring the effectiveness of a maintenance operation carried out in the piping, detecting substances at all points around and flowing through the mobile line inspection device, determining the speed and distance of the mobile line inspection device inside the pipe, detecting pipe welds and their chemical compositions, inspecting the internal lining of the pipe, the detection of corrosion and / or the severity of the loss of metal in the pipe, its combinations, and many other applications, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. With the ability to compromise the analysis of chemical composition in real or near real time, the systems and methods disclosed may provide some measure of proactive or receptive control over a flow of fluid inside the pipeline or a maintenance operation performed on the same . Systems and methods can also inform the owner or operator of a pipeline as to the exact location and cause of a defect in the pipeline, allow the collection and archiving of fluid information in conjunction with operational information to optimize subsequent operations, and / or improve the ability to perform remote work.
[0018] Those skilled in the art will easily appreciate that the systems and methods disclosed may be suitable for use in the oil and gas industry provided that the optical computing devices described provide a low-cost and accurate means of inspecting and monitoring the inside of a pipeline used to transmit or otherwise transport hydrocarbons. It will be appreciated, however, that the systems and methods described herein are equally applicable to other fields of technology, including, but not limited to, food industry, pharmaceutical industry, various industrial applications, heavy machinery industries, mining industries, or any field where it can be advantageous to inspect and monitor in real time or almost in real time the internal part of a gas pipeline, pipes or other type of flow line. For example, the installation of the optical computing devices described in a mobile line inspection device can be useful in inspecting and monitoring the inside of drinking water lines or sewer lines and related piping structures.
[0019] As used herein, the term "fluid" refers to any substance that is capable of flowing, including particulate solids, gases, liquids, suspensions, emulsions, powders, sludge, glass, combinations thereof, and so on. onwards. In some embodiments, the fluid can be an aqueous fluid, including water, such as sea water, fresh water, drinking water, drinking water, and so on. In some embodiments, the fluid may be a non-aqueous fluid, including organic compounds, more specifically, hydrocarbons, refined petroleum, an oil component, petrochemicals, and the like. In some embodiments, the fluid may be a treatment fluid or an underground formation fluid. Fluids can also include various fluid mixtures of solids, liquids and / or gases. Illustrative gases that can be considered fluid according to the present embodiments include, for example, air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, helium, methane, ethane, butane and other hydrocarbon gases, combinations thereof, and / or similar elements.
[0020] As used herein, the term "characteristic" refers to a chemical product, or a mechanical physical property of a substance or material. A characteristic of a substance can include a quantitative value or a concentration of one or more chemical components present in it. Such chemical components can be referred to here as "analytes". Illustrative characteristics of a substance that can be controlled with the optical computing devices disclosed here may include, for example, the chemical composition (for example, the identity and concentration in the total or individual components), impurity content, pH, viscosity, density, ionic strength, total dissolved solids, salt content, porosity, opacity, bacteria content, combinations of it, and similar elements.
[0021] As used herein, the term "electromagnetic radiation" refers to radio waves, microwave radiation, infrared and near infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet light, X-ray radiation and ray radiation gamma.
[0022] As used herein, the term "optical computing device" refers to an optical device configured to receive an electromagnetic radiation input from a substance (for example, a fluid or other material, such as a chemical composition) or a sample of the substance, and produce an electromagnetic radiation output from a processing element arranged within the optical computing device. The processing element can be, for example, an integrated computational element (ECI) used in the optical computing device. As discussed in more detail below, the electromagnetic radiation that optically interacts with the processing element is altered in order to be readable by a detector, so that the output of the detector can be correlated with at least one characteristic of the substance to be measured or monitored. The output of the electromagnetic radiation from the processing element can be reflected electromagnetic radiation, transmitted electromagnetic radiation and / or scattered electromagnetic radiation. The analysis of the reflected detector or transmitted electromagnetic radiation can be dictated by the structural parameters of the optical computing device, as well as other considerations known to those skilled in the art. In addition, the emission and / or dispersion of the substance, for example, through fluorescence, luminescence, Raman dispersion, and / or Raleigh dispersion, can also be monitored by optical computing devices.
[0023] As used herein, the term "interact optically" or its variations refers to the reflection, transmission, scattering, diffraction or absorption of electromagnetic radiation, either by, through, or from one or more processing elements (that is, integrated computational elements). Therefore, optically interacted light refers to electromagnetic radiation that has been reflected, transmitted, scattered, diffracted or absorbed, emitted, or radiated, for example, using integrated computational elements, but interaction with a fluid or any another substance.
[0024] As used herein, the term "substance", or variations thereof, refers to at least a part of a raw material of interest or to be assessed using the optical computing devices described here described as installed or if applicable otherwise, organized on a mobile online inspection device. In embodiments, the substance is the characteristic of interest, as defined above, and can include any component of a conduit or a fluid flowing inside the pipe, but it can also refer to any solid material or chemical composition. For example, the substance can also include compounds that contain elements, such as barium, calcium, manganese, sulfur, sulfates, iron, strontium, chlorine, mercury, etc., and any other chemical composition that can lead to precipitation within a pipe . The substance can also refer to paraffins (for example, low molecular weight (M) of n-alkanes (C20-C40) for the high proportion of high M iso-alkanes), waxes, asphaltenes, aromatics, saturated fatty acids, foams, dissolved mineral salts (ie associated with brines produced and scale potential), particles, sand or other solid particles, etc., and any other chemical composition that can lead to the formation of deposits within a pipe. In some respects, the substance refers to welds inside a pipe, or bacteria that tend to clump together in such welds. In still other aspects, the substance can also refer to pipe linings and the pipe material itself.
[0025] In other aspects, the substance can include any material or chemical composition added to the pipe, in order to treat the pipe for hydrates or the accumulation of one or more organic or inorganic deposits. Exemplary treatment substances may include, but are not limited to, acids, acid-generating compounds, bases, generator-based compounds, biocides, surfactants, scale inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, gelling agents, crosslinking agents, anti-sediment agents, foaming agents, foaming agents, defoaming agents, emulsifying agents, de-emulsifying agents, iron control agents, propellants or other particles, gravel, particle diversion, salts, fluid loss control additives, gases, catalysts, clay control agents, chelating agents, corrosion inhibitors, flocculants, dispersants, cleaners (eg H25 cleaners, C02 cleaners or C02 cleaners), lubricants, disconnectors, delayed release circuit breakers, friction reducers, intercalating agents, viscosifiers, weighting agents, solubilizers, rheology control agents, viscosity modifiers , pH control agents (eg, buffer solutions), hydrate inhibitors, relative permeability modifiers, bypass agents, consolidating agents, fibrous materials, bactericides, markers, probes, nanoparticles, and the like. The combinations of these substances can be referred to as a substance.
[0026] As used herein, the term "sample", or variations thereof, refers to at least a portion of a substance or composition of interest to be tested and evaluated using the described optical device described, installed or arranged in an online inspection device. The sample includes the feature of interest, as defined above, and can be any fluid, as defined herein, or otherwise any solid substance or material such as, but not limited to, welds or the inside wall of a pipe.
[0027] As used herein, the term "piping" includes any conduit in which the fluid is displaced, including any land or sea flow system, such as main line systems, risers, flow lines used for transportation of untreated fluid between a wellhead and a processing facility and flow lines used to transport hydrocarbon products. It should be understood that the use of the term "piping" is not necessarily limited to hydrocarbon pipelines, unless otherwise indicated or required by a specific embodiment.
[0028] The exemplary systems and methods described in this document will include at least one optical computing device used for real or near real time inspection and monitoring of the inside of a pipe, and in particular one or more chemical compositions or substances present in the inside the pipe. The optical computing device may include a source of electromagnetic radiation, at least one processing element (e.g., integrated computational elements), and at least one detector arranged to receive optically interacted light from at least one processing element. As disclosed below, however, in some embodiments, the source of electromagnetic radiation can be omitted from the optical computing device, and electromagnetic radiation can be derived from the chemical composition or substance to be monitored. In some embodiments, exemplary optical computing devices can be specifically configured to detect, analyze and quantitatively measure a particular characteristic or analyte of interest in the chemical composition or analyte of interest in the chemical composition or substance. In other embodiments, optical computing devices may be optical devices for general purposes, with post-acquisition processing (for example, by computer means) used to specifically detect the feature of interest.
[0029] In some embodiments, structural components suitable for exemplary optical computing devices are described in U.S. Common Property Patent No. 6, 198,531; 6, 529, 276; 7,123, 844; 7,834,999; 7, 911, 605; 7,920,258; and 8,049,881 U.S. Patent Applications Serial No. 12 / 094,460; 12 / 094,465; and 13 / 456,467. As will be appreciated, variations in the structural components of optical computing devices described in the patents and patent applications referenced above may be suitable, without departing from the scope of the description, and therefore should not be considered as limiting to the various achievements described in this document.
[0030] The optical computing devices described in the preceding patents and patent applications combine the advantage of power, precision and accuracy associated with laboratory spectrometers, although extremely resistant and suitable for use in the field. In addition, optical computing devices can perform calculations (analysis) in real time or near real time without the need for extraction and time-consuming sample processing. In this sense, optical computing devices can be specifically configured to detect and analyze characteristics and / or analytes of interest to a chemical composition, in particular, such as a substance present inside a pipe or disposed on the surface of the pipe. As a result, the interference signals are distinguished from those of interest in the sample fluid or other substance by the proper configuration of the optical computing devices, such that the optical computing devices provide one or more characteristic of interest based on the detected output. In some embodiments, the detected output can be converted into a voltage that is different from the magnitude of the monitored characteristic. The foregoing and other advantages make the described optical computing devices particularly well suited for processing hydrocarbons and throughout use, but they can also be applied to various other technologies or industries, without departing from the scope of the description.
[0031] Optical computing devices arranged, or otherwise coupled, with the mobile in-line inspection device can be configured to detect not only the composition and concentrations of a sample fluid or substance found, but can also be configured to determine the physical properties and other characteristics of the dangerous or contaminating substance, as well as, based on the analysis of the electromagnetic radiation received from them. For example, optical computing devices can be configured to determine the concentration of an analyte and correlate the determined concentration to a characteristic of a substance using suitable processing means. As will be appreciated, optical computing devices can be configured to detect the desired volume of hazardous substances or characteristics or analytes of the hazardous substance, as desired. All that is needed to perform the monitoring of multiple characteristics is the incorporation of processing and adequate detection means in the optical computing device for the substance of interest. In some embodiments, the properties of the hazardous substance may be a combination of the properties of the detected analytes (for example, a linear, non-linear, logarithmic, and / or exponential combination. Therefore, other characteristics and analytes that are detected and analyzed using optical computing devices, the properties of the hazardous substance will be determined more precisely.
[0032] The optical computing devices described here use electromagnetic radiation to perform calculations, as opposed to the physically connected circuits of conventional electronic processors. When electromagnetic radiation interacts with a hazardous substance in a sample fluid or other substance, unique physical and chemical information about the hazardous substance can be encoded in the electromagnetic radiation that is reflected, transmitted or radiated from the substance. This information is referred to as the spectral "fingerprint" of the substance. The optical computing devices described here are able to extract the information from the spectral fingerprint of various characteristics or analytes and convert the information into a detectable output on the general properties of the substance. That is, through appropriate configurations of optical computing devices, electromagnetic radiation associated with a characteristic or the analyte of interest of a substance can be separated from the electromagnetic radiation associated with all other components of the substance in order to estimate the properties of the substance , in real time or in near real time.
[0033] As stated above, the processing elements used in the exemplary optical devices described here can be characterized as integrated computational elements (RCI). Each ECI is able to distinguish electromagnetic radiation related to a characteristic of interest corresponding to a dangerous substance from electromagnetic radiation related to other components of the substance. With reference to figure 1, an example of ECI 100 suitable for use in optical computing devices that can be attached or not attached to a mobile line inspection device is illustrated. As illustrated, ECI 100 can include a plurality of alternating layers 102 and 104, such as silicon (Si) and SiO2 (quartz), respectively. In general, these layers 102, 104 consist of materials whose refractive index is high and low, respectively. Other examples may include niobium, germanium, MgF, SiO, and other high and low index materials known in the art. Layers 102, 104 can be strategically deposited on an optical substrate 106. In some embodiments, optical substrate 106 is optical glass BK-7. In other embodiments, optical substrate 106 may be another type of optical substrate, such as quartz , sapphire, silicon, germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulphite, or various plastics, such as polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), diamond, ceramics, and other similar elements.
[0034] At the opposite end (for example, on the opposite side of the optical substrate 106 in figure 1), ICE 100 may include a layer 108 that is generally exposed to the environment of the device or installation. The number of layers 102, 104 and the thickness of each layer 102, 104 are determined from the spectral attributes of a spectroscopic analysis of a characteristic of interest, using a conventional spectroscopy instrument. The spectrum of interests for a given characteristic of interest typically includes any number of different wavelengths. It should be understood that exemplary ICE 100 in figure 1 does not, in fact, represent any feature of particular interest, but is provided for illustrative purposes only. Consequently, the number of layers 102, 104 and their relative thicknesses, as shown in figure 1, have no relation to any feature of special interest, nor the layers 102, 104 and their relative thicknesses necessarily drawn to scale, and, therefore, they are not considered to limit this description. In addition, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the materials that make up each layer 102, 104 (i.e. Si and SiO2) may vary, depending on the application, material cost, and / or applicability of the materials to the sample fluid or substance to be monitored.
[0035] In some embodiments, the material of each layer 102, 104 can be doped or two or more materials can be combined in order to obtain the desired optical characteristic. In addition to solids, exemplary ICE 100 may also contain liquids and / or gases, optionally in combination with solids, in order to produce a desired optical characteristic. In the case of gases and liquids, the ICE 100 may contain a corresponding container (not shown), which houses the gases or liquids: Exemplary variations of the ICE 100 may also include holographic optical elements, grids, piezoelectric, light tube, digital tube (DLP), and / or acoustic-optical elements, for example, that can create transmission, reflection and / or interest-absorbing properties.
[0036] Multiple layers 102, 104 have different refractive indices. With the proper selection of the materials of layers 102, 104 and their relative thickness and spacing, ICE 100 can be configured to selectively transmit / reflect / refract predetermined fractions of electromagnetic radiation at different wavelengths. Each wavelength has a predetermined weighting or load factor. The thickness and spacing of layers 102, 104 can be determined using a variety of methods of approximating the spectrograph of the characteristic or analyte of interest. These methods may include reverse Fourier transformation (IFT) of the optical transmission spectrum and structure of the ICE 100 as the physical representation of the IFT. The approximations convert the IFT to a structure based on known materials with constant refractory indices. Additional information related to the structures and the creation of exemplary integrated computer elements (also referred to as multivariate optical elements) is provided in Applied Optics, Vol. 129, pp. 2876-2893.
[0037] The weights that layers 102, 104 of the ICE 100 apply to each wavelength are defined for the regression coefficients described with respect to the known equation, or data, or spectral signature. Briefly, ICE 100 can be configured to develop the dot product of the incoming light beam for ICE 100 and a desired loaded regression vector represented by each of the layers 102, 104 for each wavelength. As a result, the output light intensity of the ICE 100 is related to the characteristic or analyte of interest. Additional details regarding the way in which ICE 100 is able to distinguish and process electromagnetic radiation related to the characteristic or analyte of interest are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,198,531; 6,529,276; and 7,920,258.
[0038] With reference to figure 2, a block diagram is illustrated which illustrates non mechanistically how an optical computing device 200 distinguishes electromagnetic radiation related to a characteristic of interest from other electromagnetic radiation. As shown in figure 2, after being illuminated with incident electromagnetic radiation, a sample of 202 produces an output of electromagnetic radiation 204 corresponding to the characteristic of interest and some of which is background electromagnetic radiation 206 which corresponds to other components or characteristics of substance 202 In some embodiments, substance 202 may be a fluid, but in other embodiments, it may be a solid material, as defined herein.
[0039] Although not specifically shown, one or more spectral elements can be used in device 200, in order to restrict the optical wavelengths and / or bandwidths of the optical system and, therefore, eliminate unwanted electromagnetic radiation existing in the regions of wavelengths that are of no importance. Such spectral elements can be located anywhere along the optical train, but are typically employed directly after the light source (if any), which provides the initial electromagnetic radiation. Various configurations of spectral elements and applications in optical computing devices can be found in Commonly Owned U.S. Patent Nos. 6,198,531; 6,529,276; 7,123,844; 7,834,999; 7,911,605; 7,920,258; 8,049,881 and US Patent Application Serial No. 12 / 094,460 (US Public Patent Application No. 2009/0219538); 12 / 094,465 (US Public Patent Application No. 2009/0219539); and 13 / 456,467.
[0040] The electromagnetic radiation beams 204, 206 fall on an exemplary ICE 208 arranged inside the optical computing device 200. ICE 208 may be similar to the ICE 100 of figure 1, and therefore will not be described in detail again. In the illustrated embodiment, ECI 208 can be configured to produce optically interacted light, for example, optically transmitted interacted light 210 and optically reflected interacted light 214. In operation, ECI 208 can be configured to distinguish electromagnetic radiation 204 from background electromagnetic radiation 206 .
[0041] The optically interacted transmitted light 210, which may be related to a characteristic of interest in substance 202, can be directed to a detector 212 for analysis and quantification. In these embodiments, detector 212 is configured to produce an output signal in the form of a voltage that corresponds to the characteristic of particular interest in substance 202. In at least one embodiment, the signal produced by detector 212 and the concentration of the characteristic of interest can be directly proportional. In other embodiments, the relationship can be a polynomial function, an exponential function, and / or a logarithmic function. The optically reflected interacted light 214, which may be related to characteristics of other components and chemical compositions of substance 202, can be directed away from detector 212. In alternative configurations, the ICE 208 can be configured such that the optically interacted light reflected 214 can be related to the characteristic of interest, and the optically transmitted interacted light 210 can be related to other chemical compositions and / or components of substance 202.
[0042] In some embodiments, a second detector 216 may be included in the optical computing device 200 and arranged to detect optically reflected interacted light 214. In other embodiments, the second detector 216 may be arranged so as to detect electromagnetic radiation 204 , 206 derived from substance 202 or electromagnetic radiation directed at or before substance 202. Without limitation, the second detector 216 can be used to detect resulting deviations that radiate from a source of electromagnetic radiation (not shown), which provides electromagnetic radiation (ie, light) to device 200. For example, radiation deviations can include things such as, but not limited to, fluctuations in intensity in electromagnetic radiation, interfering fluctuations (for example, dust or other interfering passing in front of the source of electromagnetic radiation), window coverings included with the computing device 200, their combinations or similar. In some embodiments, a beam splitter (not shown) can be used to divide electromagnetic radiation 204, 206, and the transmitted or reflected electromagnetic radiation can then be directed to one or more ICE 208. That is, in such embodiments, ICE 208 does not function as a type of beam separator, as shown in figure 2, and the electromagnetic radiation transmitted or reflected simply passes through ICE 208, being computationally processed in it, before traveling or otherwise being detected by the second detector 212.
[0043] The characteristic of interest to be analyzed using the optical computing device 200 can be further processed to provide computationally additional information on the characterization of substance 202. In some embodiments, the identification and concentration of each analyte of interest in substance 202 can be used to predict certain physical characteristics of substance 202. For example, the characteristics of mass substance 202 can be estimated using a combination of the properties conferred on substance 202 by each analyte.
[0044] In some embodiments, the concentration or magnitude of the characteristic of interest determined using the optical computing device 200 can be fed into an algorithm that operates under computational control. The algorithm can be configured to make predictions about how the characteristics of the substance would change if the concentrations of the characteristic of interest were changed. In some embodiments, the algorithm can produce output that is readable by an operator for consideration. For example, based on the output, the operator may wish to take some action to remedy, reduce, or otherwise prevent the future detection of a monitored substance. In other embodiments, the algorithm can be programmed to gain control of the proactive process by automatically initiating a corrective effort when a predetermined level of toxicity or impurity of the substance is described or detected.
[0045] The algorithm can be part of an artificial neural network configured to use the concentration of each characteristic of interest, in order to evaluate the global characteristic of the sample 202 and, therefore, determine when a predetermined toxicity level has been reached or otherwise overcome. Illustrative but not limiting neural networks are described in US Commonly Owned Patent Application No. 11 / 986,763 (U.S. Public Patent Application No. 2009/0182693). It is to be recognized that an artificial neural network can be trained using samples of predetermined characteristics of interest having known concentrations, compositions, and / or properties, and generating a virtual library. As the virtual library available for the artificial neural network becomes larger, the neural network may become more capable of accurately predicting the characteristic of interest corresponding to a fluid substance or another sample having any number of analytes present in it. In addition, with sufficient training, the artificial neural network can more accurately predict the characteristics of the sample fluid or substance, even in the presence of unknown substances.
[0046] It is recognized that the various achievements here directed to computer control and artificial neural networks, including various blocks, modules, elements, components, methods and algorithms, can be implemented using hardware, software, their combinations, and so on. To illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, several illustrative blocks, modules, elements, components, algorithms and methods have generally been described in terms of their functionality. The implementation of this functionality as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design restrictions imposed on the global system. For this reason, at least, it must be recognized that a person skilled in the art can apply the functionality described in a variety of ways to a particular application. In addition, various components and blocks can be arranged in a different order or distributed differently, for example, without departing from the scope of the achievements explicitly described.
[0047] Computer hardware used to implement the various illustrative blocks, modules, elements, components, methods and algorithms described in this document may include a processor configured to execute one or more sequences of instructions, programming postures, or code stored in, a non-transitory, computer readable medium. The processor can be, for example, a general purpose microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, a specific integrated application circuit, a programmable field gate, a programmable logic device, a controller, a state machine, a closed logic, discrete hardware components, an artificial neural network, or any suitable entity that can perform calculations or other data manipulation. In some embodiments, computer hardware may also include elements such as, for example, a memory (for example, random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), read-only programmable memory (PROM), erasable read-only memory (EPROM), registers, hard drives, removable disks, CD-ROMs, DVDs, or any other as a suitable storage device or medium.
[0048] Executable sequences described here can be implemented with one or more code sequences contained in a memory. In some embodiments, such code can be read into the memory of another machine-readable medium. The execution of the instruction sequences contained in the memory can cause a processor to perform the steps of the process described here. One or more processors in a multiprocessing arrangement can also be employed to execute sequences of instructions in memory. In addition, it can be used in place of or in combination with software instructions to implement the various achievements described here. Therefore, the present achievements are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and / or software.
[0049] As used herein, a machine-readable medium will refer to any medium that directly or indirectly provides instructions from a processor for execution. An optical reading medium can take many forms, including, for example, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Non-volatile media include, for example, optical and magnetic disks. Volatile medium can include, for example, dynamic memory. Transmission medium can include, for example, coaxial cables, wires, optical fibers, and wires that form the bus. Common machine-readable forms of media can include, for example, floppy disks, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, other magnetic media, CD-ROMs, DVDs, other optical media, perforated cards, paper tapes and media with holes printed, RAM, ROM, PROM and EPROM flash.
[0050] In some embodiments, data collected using optical computing devices can be archived together with data associated with operational parameters connected to a workplace. Assessment of job performance can then be assessed and improved for future operations or such information can be used for subsequent project operations. In addition, data and information can be communicated (wired or wireless) to a remote location through a communication system (for example, satellite communication or wide area network communication), for further analysis. The communication system can also allow remote monitoring and operation of a process. Automated control with a long-range communication system can further facilitate the performance of remote work operations. In particular, an artificial neural network can be used in some embodiments to facilitate the performance of remote work operations. That is, remote work operations can be performed automatically on some achievements. In other embodiments, however, remote work operations can take place under the control of the operator, if the operator is not at the workplace, but is able to access the workplace via wireless communication.
[0051] With reference to Figures 3A-3D, several embodiments of an exemplary system 300 for inspecting and monitoring the inside of a 302 pipe are illustrated. Specifically, system 300 can be used to detect a characteristic of a substance that is or is not present inside the pipe 302. In some embodiments, the substance can be located in the pipe 302 itself, such as on a radial inner surface 304 of it, and may include, but is not limited to, wall coverings, organic and / or inorganic deposits, iron oxides, sulfates, chlorides, deposition surface bacteria, aerobic and sulfur-reducing bacteria), sulfates, paraffin deposition , asphaltenes, plated lead, water, brine, combinations thereof, and the like. In other embodiments, the substance may be present in the fluid 306 flowing into the tubing 302, such as, but not limited to, a particular chemical composition, a hazardous substance, a contaminant, hydrates, a chemical reaction, radio (ie is, for gas applications), corrosive or corrosion compounds, corrosion inhibitors, various brands that can help to identify or illuminate compounds of interest, their combinations, and other similar elements.
[0052] The system 300 may include a mobile in-line inspection device 308 arranged in the pipeline 302. In some embodiments, the in-line inspection device 308 may be a pipe pig, as is known in the art. In other embodiments, however, the mobile in-line inspection device 308 can be any inspection mechanism capable of being pumped or otherwise moved through a conduit 302 for the purpose of inspecting and monitoring the interior of piping 302, including the fluid 306 contained therein. In at least one embodiment, for example, the line inspection device 308 can be a wired device that is pulled through the pipe 302 or a section of the pipe 302. In other embodiments, the mobile line inspection device 308 can be self-propelled or it can be a foam "pig", without departing from the scope of the description. The specific type and design of the 308 mobile line inspection device that can be used can depend on several factors, such as the type and volume of the 306 fluid in the 306 304 piping and the specific purpose of using the 308 mobile line inspection device. .
[0053] As illustrated, the mobile line inspection device 308 may have a generally cylindrical housing 310. In other embodiments, housing 310 may have a square cross section or any other geometric shape, without departing from the scope of the description. One or more drive disks 312 can be coupled or otherwise arranged at each end of housing 310. In other embodiments, drive disks 312 can also be known or referred to as piston seals, sealing elements, or sealing disks , as recognized by those skilled in the art. The drive disks 312 can generally be circular, with an outer circumference or periphery configured to form a closed environment or interference fit with the radial inner surface 304 of piping 302.
[0054] In one or more embodiments, the drive discs 312 can be formed of polyurethane, but they can also be made of nylon, polyoxymethylene (POM, ie Delrin®), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, ie TEFLON®), (elastomers, for example, rubber), or similar combinations. The hard disks 312 can be flexible and compressible, so that they are able to form a fluid-tight seal, essentially with the inner radial surface 304 of the conduit 302, but simultaneously be configured to flex so that the inspection device movable line can be moved through the 302 pipeline without excessive frictional resistance. In some embodiments, the drive disks 312 can also provide a cleaning function, mechanically removing contaminants or other deposits, formed on the inner radial surface 304 of the conduit 302 as the mobile line inspection device 308 moves through them. In still other embodiments, discs 312 can be designed to not completely seal tubing 302, but can be configured to allow fluid to pass the in-line inspection device 308, without departing from the scope of the description.
[0055] Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that, although two drive disks 312 are represented at each end of housing 310, the actual number of drive disks 312 in any embodiment can be more or less than two, depending on the application particular of the system 300 and design limitations of the mobile in-line inspection device 308. For example, the number of drive disks 312 can be chosen to achieve a desired amount of a sealing engagement with the inner radial surface 304 of the conduit 302. Thus, although the drive disks 312 are represented in the figures as having a generally circular shape, each can also have any other geometric shape configured to restrict the flow of fluids between the mobile in-line inspection device 308 and the pipeline 302, and still achieve substantially the same results. It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications to the design and changes to the mobile on-line inspection device 308 can be made, without departing from the scope of the description.
[0056] System 300 may also include one or more optical computing devices 314 configured to detect and determine a characteristic of the substance being monitored. Referring specifically to fig. 3A, for example, one or more optical computing devices 314 may be fitted or otherwise form an integral part of a sensor housing 316 coupled to the mobile online inspection device 308. In some embodiments, the sensor housing 316 may be a radial disk attached or otherwise extending radially from the radial outer surface of the housing 310. In other embodiments, however, the sensor housing 316 can be any other rigid element or structure capable of receiving and securing computing devices optical 314 in them.
[0057] As illustrated, the one or more optical computing devices 314 are fitted within the sensor housing 316 in such a way that they are arranged on the outer periphery of the sensor housing 316 and therefore in proximity to the dose for the radial inner surface 304 of the conduit 302. As a result, as the mobile in-line inspection device 308 advances through the pipeline 302, one or more optical computing devices 314 can be configured to continuously monitor and / or inspect the radial inner surface 304 of pipe 302 in general, at each radial angle. Those skilled in the art will easily understand the advantages it can provide in sweeping or mapping the inner radial surface 304 to chemical compounds or other defects.
[0058] In some embodiments, the optical computing device 312 may be similar to the optical computing device 200 of figures 2, 25 and therefore can be better understood with reference to them. It should be noted that, while various optical computing devices 314 are shown in Figure 3A, system 300 can employ any number of optical computing devices 314, without departing from the scope of the description. In fact, the specific number of optical computing devices 314 used in any application may depend primarily on the design restrictions of the mobile in-line inspection device 308 and the relative spacing between adjacent optical computing devices 314 attached to the sensor housing 316. In addition in addition, each device 314 can be housed and sealed within the sensor housing 316 or otherwise within individual housings configured to substantially protect the internal components of the respective devices 314 from damage or contamination of the external environment. Accordingly, devices 314 can generally be protected against contaminants, pressure and temperature that can be experienced or otherwise appear within the pipeline 302.
[0059] In operation, each device 314 can be configured to receive and detect optically interacted radiation derived from a substance present inside the pipeline 302, such as substances located on the inner radial surface 304 of the conduit 302. In at least one embodiment, one or more optical computing devices 314 can be configured to provide an initial pulse of electromagnetic radiation for the substance from an electromagnetic radiation source (not shown). This pulse of electromagnetic radiation optically interacts with the substance and generates the optically interacted radiation that is detectable by devices 314. Once the optically interacted radiation is detected, each device 314 can be configured to generate an output signal 320 that corresponds to a particular feature of interest as detected in the substance. In some embodiments, each optical computing device 314 can be configured to detect a distinctive feature of interest. In some embodiments, each optical computing device 314 can be configured to detect the same characteristic of interest.
[0060] In still other embodiments, one or more sets of optical computing devices 314 can be strategically arranged on the sensor housing 316 at predetermined locations and configured to detect a specific characteristic of a substance, while other sets of computing devices Optics 314 can be strategically arranged on the sensor housing 316 at other predetermined locations and configured to detect other characteristics of the substance or a characteristic of another substance altogether. For example, piping 302 can be divided into radial quadrants or other radial divisions and each radial quadrant or division can be monitored for specific substances found in it or that can be found. As a result, each radial tilt angle of conduit 302 can be intelligently monitored using optical computing devices 314.
[0061] In at least one embodiment, for example, a gas bubble (for example, methane) can be present at about the twelve o'clock position, while an oil / water mixture can be present in about three hours and at nine o'clock, positions and water can be present at about the six o'clock position. Therefore, a first set of optical computing devices 314 can be configured to monitor a first radial division of the inner radial surface 304 of conduit 302 and detect a characteristic of a first substance, which may be the gas bubble or the water / mixture. oil. Likewise, a second set of optical computing devices 314 can be configured to monitor a second radial division of the inner radial surface 304 of conduit 302 and detect a characteristic of a second substance, which may be water or a water / oil mixture. As will be appreciated, the first and second substances can be the same or different, and the characteristics of each substance detected by each device 314 can also be the same or different. As a result, optical computing devices 314 can be strategically arranged over the interior of radial surface 304 at predetermined radial angles, in order to intelligently monitor the substance (s) present in each radial quadrant or conduit division 302.
[0062] Those skilled in the art will easily appreciate the various advantages that are provided to an operator by strategically organizing devices 314 to vary radial positions in the sensor housing 316. For example, this may allow the operator to chemically map each radial angle of the radial surface internal 304 of pipe 302 and thus intelligently inform the operator of the real-time or near real-time conditions found at each radial slope angle. In addition, since the mobile in-line inspection device 308 is advanced through the pipeline 302 during operation, this valuable information can be obtained simultaneously by axial sections of the entire length of the pipeline 302, or specific portions thereof, informing it the operator of substances that are present inside each length of the conduit 302, at what specific radial angle such substances are detected, and what are their respective concentrations.
[0063] Such information can help an operator to effectively initiate corrective efforts designed to correct defects in pipeline 302 at points specifically identified along pipeline 302. This information can further assist an operator to strategically remove unwanted chemical compositions from the pipeline. piping 302 and otherwise strategically keep piping 302 in proper working order, including removing / replacing damaged or affected parts. In addition, this information can help to shed light on the nature of the occurrence, that is, how the corrosion / defect occurred, for example, by a tooth in the original pipe 302, a flow issue, a defect in the tube design or point weak, etc. As will be appreciated, the ability to chemically map the radial inner surface 308 of tubing 302 provides diagnostic data as to why tubing 302 may be experiencing metal loss. For example, the loss of metal could be due to a lack of corrosion inhibiting chemicals at a given point in the 302 conduit, or it could be due to bacterial activity.
[0064] In some embodiments, one or more optical computing devices 314 can be communicatively coupled to a signal processor 318, also included in the system 300 or otherwise forming part of it. Each device 314 can be configured to transmit its respective output signal 320 to signal processor 318 for processing or storage. For example, signal processor 318 can be a computer, including a non-transitory, machine-readable medium configured to process the output signals and thereby provide a resulting output signal 322 indicative of the detected characteristic of interest. In some embodiments, the signal processor 318 may be programmed with an algorithm configured to process the input output signals 320 and provide, for example, a chemical map of the conduit 302. In other embodiments, the signal processor may include a memory on-board or storage device configured to store data received from each optical computing device 314. The stored data can be characterized as the resulting output signal 322 and subsequently transferred for a predetermined time for processing.
[0065] The signal processor 318 can be coupled communicatively to one or more communication interfaces (not shown) and configured in order to transmit the resulting signal 322, wired or wirelessly, to an external processing device ( not shown) for the consideration of an operator or for further processing and handling. In some embodiments, for example, the communication interface may be a communication port (compatible with Ethernet, USB, etc.) or otherwise defined provided in housing 310 or any part of the mobile line inspection device 308. The port communication device may allow the signal processor 318 to be coupled to an external processing device, such as a computer, a hard drive, a portable computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), or other wireless transmission device. Once coupled to the external processing device 30, the signal processor 318 may be able to transfer data (for example, data related to the characteristic of interest).
[0066] In other embodiments, the communication interface can be a wireless transmitter or link 322 disposed in housing 304. The signal processor 314 can be communicatively coupled to a wireless link 322 and configured to transmit the output signal resulting 318 of it, which can operate according to any known wireless technology (for example, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, acoustics, etc.) and therefore be configured for wireless telecommunication, with any remote wireless device 323 , such as, but not limited to, radios, cell phones, PDAs, wireless networks, satellite telecommunications, and so on. Accordingly, signal processor 318 can be configured to wirelessly transmit the resulting signal signal 322 to the operator for appreciation. In other embodiments, the signal processor 318 may be configured to activate one or more corrective actions when a predetermined limit on a concentration of a particular characteristic has been breached or not exceeded. Such triggering actions may include, for example, a remotely open valve for mixing batches at a pre-programmed point, adding a substance to the 302 pipeline, reducing the flow of substance into the pipeline 302, etc.
[0067] With reference to figure 3B, with continued reference to figure 3A, another embodiment of the system 300 is illustrated, showing an alternative arrangement or configuration of the optical computing devices 314 for inspecting and monitoring the internals of a 302 pipe. In some embodiments , the system 300 of Fig. 3B may include a plurality of fingers 324 extending from housing 310 and configured to locate one or more optical computing devices 314 adjacent the inner radial surface 304 of conduit 302. Specifically, fingers 324 can provide a corresponding rigid support structure for each computing device 20 314 and can thus organize the devices 314 in such a way that they face the inner radial surface 304 to monitor substances found therein.
[0068] Although fingers 324 are represented as extending from or around a housing 310, fingers 324 may likewise extend from any other part of the mobile line inspection device 308 without deviate from the scope of the description, and obtain substantially the same results.
[0069] Furthermore, as in the previous embodiments, while only five optical computing devices 314 are represented in figure 3B, it will be appreciated that any number of devices 314 with corresponding fingers 324 or support structures can be employed.
[0070] As with the system 300 of figure 3A, in operation, each device 314 can be configured to receive and detect the optically interacted radiation derived from a substance present inside the pipe 302, including substances found on the inner radial surface of the conduit 302. Once radiation is detected optically interacted, each device 314 can be configured to generate an output signal 320 that corresponds to a particular characteristic of the corresponding interest as detected in the substance, and transmit it to processor signal 318 for processing . As with previous embodiments, each optical computing device 314 can be configured to detect the same or different characteristic of interest. In other embodiments, fingers 324 can be configured to provide one or more sets of optical computing devices 314 at predetermined radial angles in piping 302, such that devices 314 are capable of detecting the particular characteristics of one or more substances at specific radial angles in pipeline 302. Consequently, fingers 324 can strategically arrange optical computing devices 314 in order to intelligently monitor the substance found at predetermined radial angles in pipeline 302, thus providing the user with a map inside the pipeline 302 as line inspection device 308 advances.
[0071] With reference to figure 3C, with continued reference to figures 3A and 3B, another embodiment of system 300 is illustrated showing an arrangement or configuration of optical computing devices 314 for inspecting and monitoring the interior of a conduit 302. Specifically, one or more optical computing devices 314 can be arranged, or otherwise housed in one or more drive disks 312. In at least one embodiment, optical computing devices 314 can be shaped into drive disks 312 and thereby secured to monitor the inner radial surface 304 of pipeline 302. While figure 3C illustrates optical computing devices 314 as being arranged on two drive disks 312, it will be appreciated that devices 314 can be arranged on only one drive disk 312 or more than two 312 drive disks, without departing from the scope of the description. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that an increase in the number of optical computing devices 314 disposed on additional disks of unit 312 can increase the scanning and mapping capabilities of the 308 inline inspection device, so that more substances can be monitored. , more features of interest in each of the substances can be detected, and higher resolutions can be achieved.
[0072] As illustrated, one or more optical computing devices 314 are arranged on the outer periphery of one or more drive disks 312 and, therefore, in the proximity of the dose to the inner radial surface 304 of the pipe 302. As a result, as the mobile in-line inspection device 308 advances through pipeline 302, one or more optical computing devices 314 can be configured to continuously monitor and / or inspect the radial inner surface 304 of pipeline 302 at generally any radial angle.
[0073] As with the systems 300 of FIGURES 3A and 3B, in operation, each device 314 can be configured to receive and detect the optically interacted radiation derived from a substance present inside the pipe 302. Since the optically radiation interacted is detected, each device 314 can be configured to generate a corresponding output signal 320 corresponding to a characteristic of particular interest, as detected in the substance, and transmit it to the signal processor 318 for processing. According to previous achievements, each optical computing device can be configured to detect the same or different characteristic of interest. In other embodiments, one or more sets of optical computing devices 314 can be strategically placed on disk unit 312 at predetermined locations and configured to detect a specific characteristic of a substance at predetermined radial angles with piping 302, while others sets of optical computing devices 314 can be strategically arranged on the corresponding drive disk 312 in other predetermined locations and configured to detect other characteristics of the substance or a characteristic of another substance completely at predetermined radial angles. As a result, optical computing devices 314 can be strategically arranged to intelligently monitor the substance found at predetermined radial angles in the 302 pipeline, thereby providing the user with a chemical map of the inner part of the 302 pipeline according to the in-line inspection device. mobile 308 advances through it.
[0074] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate the variety and numerous applications that the systems 300 of FIGURES 3A-3C, and alternative configurations thereof, can be used appropriately. For example, system 300 can be used to determine the speed of the mobile line inspection device 308 as it travels inside the pipeline 302. In some embodiments, the speed of the mobile line inspection device 308 can be determined using two spaced optical computing devices 314, each being arranged on the inline mobile inspection device 308 at a known distance. Each device 314 can be configured to measure or detect a known characteristic of piping 302, such as a weld or coupling. The output signal 320 of each device 314 can correspond to a detection of the known characteristic of the pipe 302, and the signal processor 318 can be configured to calculate the speed of the in-line inspection device 308 computationally by combining the output signals 320 of each device 314, which may imply determining the difference between the times of each detection device 314. In other embodiments, axially spaced devices 314 can be configured as an imaging device capable of analyzing how the image has been distorted from one framework for determining speed.
[0075] In other embodiments, the systems 300 of FIGURES 3A-3C can be used to detect welds on the inner radial surface 304 of pipe 302, or points where the lengths of pipe segments are joined together to form pipe 302. In at least one embodiment, one or more of the optical computing devices 314 can be configured to detect a chemical composition used in the flux used to form the weld in the pipe 302. In other embodiments, one or more optical computing devices 314 can be configured to detect a known reacted substance that will typically be found around it or is part of a weld. In still other embodiments, one or more optical computing devices 314 can be configured to detect the presence of known bacteria that have a tendency to aggregate in welds. In still other embodiments, one or more optical computing devices 314 can be configured to detect different metallic compositions in the pipeline 302, which would be indicative of the presence of a weld. The welds detected can, for example, be used to correlate the data collected with the drawings, etc. In at least one embodiment, by means of a known length of each pipe segment over time, the welds detected can also be used to calculate the speed of the mobile in-line inspection device 308 from the recorded data.
[0076] In addition, since optical computing devices 314 are arranged to monitor the entire inner radial surface 304 of piping 302, systems 300 of Figures 3A-3C can be employed to inspect the integrity of welds in the piping 302. For example, in some embodiments, the detection of a weld, for example, through the exemplary processes described above, can be configured to trigger another system or mechanism adapted to photograph or otherwise record an image of the weld. In at least one embodiment, the recorded image can be stored in a memory associated with the signal processor 315 and subsequently conveyed to the operator for analysis. In one or more embodiments, system 300 can be programmed to register an image of a weld, as described above, and then pass a predetermined number of subsequent welds before firing the system or mechanism, again to record an image of a subsequent weld. As a result, an operator will provide a weld sampling control report along the length of the 302 pipe.
[0077] In other embodiments, the systems 300 of FIGURES 3A-3C can also be used to inspect an inner liner applied to the inner radial surface 304 of pipeline 302. The inner liner can be made of, for example, polyurethane or chloride polyvinyl, but can be other types of coatings known in the art, without departing from the scope of the description. In operation, one or more optical computing devices 314 can be configured to detect the chemical composition of the inner liner, as the mobile line inspection device 308 moves through the pipeline 302. Places where the inner liner is not detected by the optical computation 314 can be indicative that the inner liner is worn, for example, or where the pipeline 302 has been damaged or is missing. Accordingly, systems 300 can be configured to provide the operator with a map of the inner lining of piping 302, indicating locations where the inner lining has been compromised and therefore corrosion or loss of metal may eventually occur.
[0078] In some embodiments, the systems 300 of FIGURES 3A-3C can still be used to detect material stresses and / or displacement on the internal radial surface 304 of conduit 302. For example, the mobile line inspection device 308 can still include a gyroscope (not shown), an accelerometer (not shown), and a distance measurement system, such as those described here, cooperatively configured to generate a clearer picture of the pipeline situation. A material stress measuring device can also be useful for other areas of inspection and monitoring.
[0079] In some embodiments, the systems 300 of FIGURES 3A-3C can still be used to detect the loss of metal on the inner radial surface 304 of the conduit 302. For example, one or more of the optical computing devices can be configured to detect chemical compositions indicative of metal losses, such as, but not limited to, iron oxides, rust, etc. Detection of such substances can correlate with the deterioration of the inner radial surface 304 of tubing 302 and may indicate locations where tubing 302 is compromised and otherwise weakened, which could eventually result in the rupture of tubing 302. In other applications, one or more of the optical computing devices 314 can be combined with a focusing mechanism (not shown), such as an autofocus mechanism commonly found in commercially available areas. Adjustment of the focal point on the autofocus mechanism can be indicative of a loss of material at that particular location, and the degree to which the autofocus mechanism is altered can be indicative of the exact depth or severity of the loss of metal inside the radial surface 304 of piping 302. In such embodiments, a quadrant detector (not shown) can be useful in determining the exact distance that the loss of metal has corroded the inner radial surface 304 of conduit 302. In other embodiments, however, other detectors, such as division detectors or detector arrays can be used, without departing from the scope of the description.
[0080] With reference to figure 3D, with continued reference to figure 3A 3C 10, another embodiment of the system 300 is illustrated, which presents an alternative arrangement or configuration of the optical computing devices 314 for inspecting and monitoring the internal parts of a pipe 302 , and especially for monitoring the fluid within the pipeline 306 302. Specifically, in at least one embodiment, one or more of optical computing devices 314 may be arranged or otherwise arranged on one or both ends of the housing 310 of the device mobile in-line inspection device 308. Optical computing devices 314 arranged at the front (i.e., to the right in figure 3D) can be configured to monitor the anterior fluid 326a of the mobile in-line inspection device 308 and computing devices optics 314 arranged at the front (that is, to the left in the 3D figure) can be configured to monitor the fluid 326b following the mobile in-line inspection device 308.
[0081] Some or all of the devices 314 arranged at each end of the mobile in-line inspection device 308 can be arranged in a housing 325 or similar casing structure configured to protect the devices 314 from external contamination or damage. Housing 325 may further be configured to generally protect optical computing devices 314 from extreme pressures and / or temperatures that may be experienced or otherwise arise within the pipeline 302.
[0082] Each optical computing device 314 disposed at the end of each mobile line inspection device 308 can be configured to detect a fluid characteristic 326a, b before and after the mobile line inspection device 308, respectively. This may prove advantageous in applications where the fluid 306 in the pipeline 302 is a multiphase fluid, and the mobile in-line inspection device 308 can be used for, for example, separate fluid phases such that the fluid 326a before of the mobile in-line inspection device 308 is different from the fluid 326b behind the mobile in-line inspection device 308. In addition, optical computing devices 314 can be useful as a quality control to monitor the state of substances contained in each fluid 326a, b. For example, system 300 of figure 3D can be used to monitor a leak from a batch carried over the mobile line inspection device 308, or the saturation of a reactive substance in fluid 306, 326a, b. When starting such levels, the operator can receive valuable information about the effectiveness of the operation performed on the 302 pipeline.
[0083] In addition, having the optical computing devices 314 arranged at each end of the mobile in-line inspection device 308 can be useful, since the device 308 can create a distortion as the device 308 compresses or "accumulates "the material in front of the device 308, thus creating a differential between the front and the back of the device 308. As a result, an optical computing device 314 just the front or just the back may not produce a representative result . In addition, if there is a pressure difference between the front and the back, gases (for example, hydrocarbons) may come out of the solution and a differential measurement between the 314 optical computing devices arranged at both ends can provide information about potential bubble points, etc.
[0084] In other embodiments, system 300 may include one or more optical computing devices 314 arranged in a conduit 328 disposed within housing 310. In at least one embodiment, conduit 328 may be configured to allow a bypass fluid 330 passes through the mobile in-line inspection device 308, thereby fluid fluid communication 326a in front of the mobile in-line inspection device 308 with the fluid 326b behind the mobile in-line inspection device 308. Optical computing devices 314 arranged on the pipeline 328 can be configured to monitor fluid bypass 330 for one or more characteristics found.
[0085] The technicians in the subject will readily appreciate the various and numerous applications that the system 300 of the 3D figure, and alternative configurations thereof, can be properly used. For example, in one or more embodiments, the output signals 320 from any of the optical computing devices may be indicative of a concentration of a substance, such as a corrosion inhibitor or scale inhibitor, which flows within the fluid 306, 326a, b, or 330. In other embodiments, the output signals 320 from any of the optical computing devices 314 may be indicative of a concentration of one or more chemicals or chemical composition flowing within fluid 306, 326a, b, or 330. The chemical composition, for example, can be calcium carbonate or paraffin which tend to precipitate under certain conditions and have been scaled on the inner radial surface 304 of the conduit 302. In still other embodiments, the exit signals 320 of any of optical computing devices 314 may be indicative of other fluid characteristics 306, 326a, b, and / or 330, such as, but not limited to, pH, viscosity, density or specific weight, and strength ionic, as measured at the first and second monitoring sites, respectively.
[0086] In some embodiments, the resulting output signal 322 of system 300 of Figure 3D may correspond to a fluid characteristic 306, 326a, b, and / or 330, wherein the characteristic is a concentration of a resulting reagent or product present in fluid 306, 326a, b, and / or 330. Exemplary reagents found in fluid 306, 326a, b, and / or 330 may include compounds that contain elements such as barium, calcium, manganese, sulfur, iron, strontium , chlorine, etc., and any other chemical substance that can lead to precipitation within a flow path. The reagent can also refer to paraffin waxes, asphaltenes, aromatics, saturated foam, salts, particulate materials, sand or other solid particles, their combinations, and other similar elements. In other respects, the reagent can include any substance added to fluid 306, 326a, b, and / or 330 in order to cause a chemical reaction configured to treat fluid 306, 326a, b, and / or 330 or tubing 302 Examples of treatment reagents may include, but are not limited to, acids, acid-generating compounds, bases, generator-based compounds, biocides, surfactants, scale inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, gelling agents, crosslinking agents, antilama agents, foaming agents, foaming agents, defoaming agents, emulsifying agents, demulsifying agents, iron control agents, propellants or other particles, gravel, particle deflectors, salts, fluid loss control additives, gases, catalysts, clay control agents, chelating agents, corrosion inhibitors, dispersants, flocculants, scavengers (eg H2S scavengers, CO2 or 02 scavengers), lubricants icants, breakers, slow release breakers, friction reducers, bonding agents, viscosifiers, weighting agents, solubilizers, rheology control agents, viscosity modifiers, pH control agents (eg buffers), hydrate inhibitors , relative permeability modifiers, diversion agents, consolidating agents, fibrous materials, bactericides, tracers, probes, nanoparticles, and so on.
[0087] The reagent can be added to fluid 306, 326a, b, and / or 330 to, for example, dissolve wax or asphaltenes, reduce microbiological growth etc. In other embodiments, the reagent may be a corrosion inhibitor or scale. In operation, optical computing devices 314 can be configured to determine and report reagent concentration in real or near real time, thereby determining whether the reagent is functioning properly. For example, optical computing devices 314 can be configured to determine when the reagent becomes fully saturated or reacts at some point, thus indicating that the reagent's full potential has been exhausted. In other embodiments, optical computing devices 314 can be configured to determine the concentration of unreacted reagents, thus indicating the effectiveness of an operation. This may prove to be advantageous for more accurately determining the optimal volumes of treatment reagents to provide a specific operation.
[0088] In other embodiments, the resulting output signal 322 corresponds to a product, or its concentration, that results from a chemical reaction process between the two or more reagents in fluids 306, 326a, b, and / or 330. In some embodiments, the corresponding characteristic of interest for the product may be indicative of, but not limited to, pH, viscosity, density or specific weight, the temperature and ionic strength of a chemical compound. In at least one aspect, bypass fluid 330 can carry information related to the real-time status of fluids within pipeline 302, including the progress of all chemical reactions occurring therein or determining the effectiveness of a maintenance operation performed on pipeline 302. By monitoring chemical processes and their progression, the operator is able to determine the effectiveness of the maintenance operation on pipeline 302 or whether additional maintenance operations should be performed. Additional description and discussion of optical computing devices configured to measure chemical reactions can be found in copending US Patent Application No. de Series XX / XXX, XXX (Legal Registration No.: 2012-IP-058392 Ul; 086108-0656), entitled "Systems and Methods for monitoring chemical processes."
[0089] As with the systems 300 of FIGURES 3A-3C, in operation, each device 314 in figure 3D can be configured to receive and detect optically interacted radiation derived from fluids (i.e., fluids 306, 326a, b, and / or 330) in pipeline 302. Once radiation is detected optically interacted, each device 314 can be configured to generate a corresponding output signal 320 corresponding to a characteristic of particular interest as detected in the fluid, and transmit it to signal processor 318 for processing. As with previous embodiments, each optical computing device 314 can be configured to detect the same or a different characteristic of interest. The resulting output signal 322 can be supplied to the operator at a predetermined time, or otherwise as described above.
[0090] With reference to figure 4, with continued reference to figure 3A-3D, an exemplary schematic view of an optical computing device 314 is illustrated, according to one or more embodiments. As briefly described above, in operation, each optical device 314 can be configured to determine a particular characteristic of interest in a substance 402 found within or present in pipeline 302 (fig. 3A-3D). Again, substance 402 may be located in pipeline 302, such as a deposit or other defect found on an inner radial surface 304, or substance 402 may be present in fluid 306, 326a, b, 330 (figure 3D) that flows in. of pipe 302.
[0091] As illustrated, optical computing device 314 can be housed within a package or wrapper 402. In some embodiments, wrapper 403 may be a part of wrapper 316 of figure 3A, the drive disks 312 of figure 3C , or housing 325, or conduit 328 of figure 3D. In other embodiments, however, housing 403 may be distinguished from each housing of sensor 316, the disks of unit 312, housing 325, and / or conduit 328 and configured to substantially protect the internal components of device 314 from damage or contamination of substance 402 or other external contaminants.
[0092] In one or more embodiments, device 312 may include a source of electromagnetic radiation 404 configured to emit or generate electromagnetic radiation 406. The source of electromagnetic radiation 404 may be any device capable of generating or emitting electromagnetic radiation, as defined on here. For example, the source of electromagnetic radiation 404 may be an ampoule, a device that emits light (LED), a laser, a black body, a photonic crystal, an X-ray source, combinations thereof, and so on. In some embodiments, a lens 408 can be configured to collect or otherwise receive electromagnetic radiation 406 and direct a beam 410 of electromagnetic radiation 406 to a location to detect the sample 402. The lens 408 can be any type of optical device configured for transmit or otherwise conduct 406 electromagnetic radiation as desired. For example, the 408 lens can be a normal lens, a Fresnel Lens, a diffraction optical element, a holographic graphic element, a mirror (for example, a focusing mirror), a type of collimator, or any other transmission of electromagnetic radiation known to those skilled in the art. In other embodiments, lens 408 can be omitted from device 314 and electromagnetic radiation 406 can be directed to sample 402 directly from the source of electromagnetic radiation 404.
[0093] In one or more embodiments, device 314 may also include a window 412. The sample window 412 may provide a location for transmitting beam 410 of electromagnetic radiation 406 to interact with the optically substance 402. The sample window 412 it can be made of a variety of transparent, rigid or semi-rigid materials that are configured to allow the transmission of 406 electromagnetic radiation through it. For example, sample window 412 can be made of, but not limited to, glass, plastics, semiconductors, crystalline materials, polycrystalline materials, hot or cold pressure powders, combinations thereof or the like. In order to eliminate ghosting or other image problems resulting from reflectance in the sampling window 412, system 300 may employ one or more elements of internal reflectance (ERI), such as those described in U.S. Patent No. 7,697,141 , and / or one or more imaging systems, such as those described in U.S. Patent No. Serial No. 13 / 456,467.
[0094] After passing through the sampling window 412, electromagnetic radiation 406 collides and optically interacts with substance 402. As a result, optically interacted radiation 414 is generated by and reflected from substance 402. Technicians in the matter, however, they will readily recognize that alternative variations of device 314 may allow optically interacted radiation 414 to be generated by being transmitted, dispersed, diffracted, absorbed, emitted, or re-radiated by and / or substance 402, without departing from the scope of the description.
[0095] The optically interacted radiation 414 generated by the interaction with the sample 310, and at least one dangerous substance present in it, can be directed to or otherwise be received by an ECI disposed in device 314. ECI 416 can be a component substantially similar spectral for ECI 100 described above with reference to figure 1. Therefore, in operation, ECI 416 can be configured to receive optically interacted radiation 414 and produce modified electromagnetic radiation 418 corresponding to a characteristic of particular interest for substance 402. In particular , the modified electromagnetic radiation 418 is an electromagnetic radiation that interacted optically with ICE 416, through which an approximate reproduction of the regression vector corresponding to the characteristic of interest in substance 402 is obtained.
[0096] It should be noted that, while figure 4 shows the ICE 416 as receiving reflected electromagnetic radiation from substance 402, the ICE 416 can be arranged anywhere along the optical track of the device 314, without deviating from the scope of the description . For example, in one or more embodiments, ECI 416 (as shown in dashed lines) can be arranged inside the optical train before the sampling window 412 and also obtain substantially the same results. In other embodiments, the sampling window 412 may serve a dual purpose, such as a transmission window and ICE and 416 (ie, a spectral component). In still other embodiments, ECI 416 can generate modified electromagnetic radiation 418 through reflection, instead of transmission.
[0097] Furthermore, while only one ECI 416 is shown on device 314, they are here from ECI on device 314, each of which is configured to cooperatively determine the characteristic of interest in substance 402. For example, two or more ECI components can be arranged in series or in parallel within the device 314 and configured to receive the optically interacted radiation 414 and thereby enhance the sensitivities and limits of the detector of the device 314. In other embodiments, two or more ECI components may be arranged in a movable assembly, such as a rotating disk or a linear oscillating assembly, which moves such that the individual components of the ECI are capable of being exposed to or otherwise interacting optically with electromagnetic radiation for a brief different period of time. The two or more ECI components in any of the embodiments can be configured to be associated or dissociated with the characteristic of interest of the substance 402. In other embodiments, the two or more ECI components can be configured to be positively or negatively correlated with the characteristic of sample interest. These optional embodiments employing two or more ICE components are further described in copending U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 13 / 456,264, 13 / 456,405, 13 / 456,302, and 13 / 456,327.
[0098] The modified electromagnetic radiation 418 generated by ECI 416 can subsequently be transmitted to a detector 420, for signal quantification. Detector 420 can be any device capable of detecting electromagnetic radiation, and can generally be characterized as an optical transducer. In some embodiments, detector 420 may be, but is not limited to, a thermal detector, such as a thermopile or photoacoustic detector, a semiconductor detector, a piezoelectric detector, a charge coupling device (CCD) detector, a video or matrix detector, a split detector, a photon detector (such as a detector, a video or set of detectors, a split detector, a photon detector (such as a photomultiplier tube), photodiodes, combinations thereof or similar, or other detectors known to those skilled in the art.
[0099] In some embodiments, detector 420 can be configured to produce output signal 320 in real time or in near real time in the form of a voltage (or current) that corresponds to the particular characteristic of interest in substance 402. The returned voltage by detector 420 is essentially the dot product of the optical interaction of the optically interacted radiation 420 with the respective ICE 414 as a function of the concentration of the characteristic of interest of sample 416. As such, the output signal 402 produced by detector 320 produced by the detector 212 and the concentration of the characteristic of interest in substance 402 can be related, for example, directly proportional. In other realizations, however, the relationship can correspond to a polynomial function, an exponential function, a logarithmic function, and / or a combination of them.
[0100] In some embodiments, device 314 may include a second detector 424, in that it may be similar to the first detector 420, in which it may be any device capable of detecting electromagnetic radiation. Similar to the second detector 216 of fig. 2, the second detector 424 of figure 4 can be used to detect resulting radiated deviations from the source of electromagnetic radiation 404. Undesirable deviations can occur in the intensity of electromagnetic radiation 406 due to a wide variety of reasons and potentially causing several negative effects on the device 314. These negative effects can be particularly detrimental to measurements made over a period of time. In some embodiments, radiation deviations can occur as a result of an accumulation of film or material in the sampling window 412 which has the effect of ultimately reducing the volume and quality of light, reaching the first detector 420. Without due compensation , such radiant deviations can result in false readings, and the output signal 320 would no longer be precisely related to the characteristic of interest.
[0101] To compensate for these types of undesirable effects, the second detector 424 can be configured to generate a compensation signal 426 generally indicative of radiation deviations from the source of electromagnetic radiation 404, and thus normalize the output signal 320 generated by the first detector 420. As illustrated, the second detector 424 can be configured to receive a portion of the optically interacted radiation 414 through a beam splitter 428 in order to detect radiant deviations. In other embodiments, however, the second detector 424 can be arranged to receive electromagnetic radiation from any part of the optical train in device 314, in order to detect radiant deviations, without departing from the scope of the description.
[0102] As illustrated, output signal 320 and compensation signal 426 can be carried or otherwise received by signal processor 318 coupled communicatively to both detectors 420, 424. In one or more embodiments, the signal processor 318 can be configured computationally to combine compensation signal 426 with output signal 320 in order to normalize output signal 320, taking into account any radiating deviations detected by the second detector 424. In some embodiments, the combination computationally of the output and the compensation signals 320, 426 can imply a computation ratio of the two signals 320, 426. For example, the concentration or magnitude of each characteristic of interest determined using the optical computing device 314 can be transmitted to a algorithm performed by the signal processor 318. The algorithm can be configured to make predictions about how the characteristics of the substance change 402, if the concentration of the measured feature of interest changes.
[0103] In real time or in near real time, signal processor 318 can be configured to provide the resulting output signal 322 corresponding to the characteristic of interest in substance 402. As discussed briefly above, the output signal of the resulting signal 322 can be conducted, wired or wireless, to an operator for analysis and consideration. In other embodiments, the resulting output signal 322 may be indicative of data configured for download being transferred to an external processing device at a suitable time, such as when the mobile line inspection device 308 is removed from pipeline 302. Some achievements disclosed herein include:
[0104] A. An inspection and monitoring system for an internal surface of a pipe, which comprises: a mobile line inspection device arranged inside the pipe; one or more optical computing devices arranged on the mobile line inspection device adjacent to the internal surface of the pipeline for monitoring at least one substance present on the internal surface, one or more optical computing devices comprising: at least one integrated computing element configured to interact optically with at least one substance and thus generate optically interacted light, at least one detector arranged to receive optically interacted light and generate an output signal corresponding to a characteristic of the sample, and a signal processor coupled so communicable to at least one detector of each optical computing device to receive the output signal from each optical computing device, the signal processor being configured to determine the characteristic of at least one substance, as detected by each optical computing device. optical computation and provide a resulting output signal.
[0105] Realization A can have one or more of the following additional elements in any combination:
[0106] Element 1: Realization A in which at least one substance is selected from the group consisting of an organic or inorganic deposit, iron oxide, solder, internal lining, one or more marks, and any combinations thereof.
[0107] Element 2: Realization A, in which the mobile line inspection device comprises a housing with one or more drive disks arranged at each end of the housing, the system further comprising: a sensor housing that extends radially from of the housing and having an outer periphery in the vicinity of the inner surface of the tubing, one or more optical computing devices being arranged on the outer periphery of the sensor housing.
[0108] Element 3: Realization A which further comprises a plurality of fingers extending from the mobile line inspection device towards the inner surface of the pipe, the plurality of fingers with one or more optical computing devices coupled and configured to place one or more optical computing devices adjacent to the internal surface.
[0109] Element 4: Realization A, in which the mobile line inspection device comprises a housing with one or more disk units arranged at each end of the compartment, one or more optical computing devices to be arranged in at least one or more disk drives.
[0110] Element 5: Realization A, in which the resulting output signal is indicative of the characteristic of at least one substance.
[0111] Element 6: Realization A, in which the resulting exit signal is indicative of the characteristic of at least one substance and one or more additional substances present inside the pipe.
[0112] Element 7: Realization A, in which at least one substance comprises at least a first substance and a second substance, and one or more optical computing devices comprise: a first set of optical computing devices arranged to control a first radial division of the inner surface of the pipe and to detect a characteristic of the first substance; and a second set of optical computing devices arranged to control a second radial division of the inner surface of the pipe and detect a characteristic of the second substance.
[0113] Element 8: Realization A, in which the resulting output signal is a chemical map of the pipe.
[0114] Element 9: Realization A, in which the resulting output signal comprises data corresponding to the output signals of each optical computing device.
[0115] Element 10: Realization A, in which one or more optical computing devices further comprise a source of electromagnetic radiation configured to emit electromagnetic radiation that optically interacts with at least one substance.
[0116] Element 11: Realization A, in which at least one detector is a first detector and the system is characterized by still comprising a second detector arranged to detect electromagnetic radiation from the source of electromagnetic radiation and, therefore, generate a signal of compensation indicative of deviations from electromagnetic radiation.
[0117] Element 12: Realization A, in which the signal processor is communicatively coupled to the first and the second detector and configured to receive and computationally combine the output and the compensation signals in order to normalize the output signal. Some achievements disclosed here include
[0118] B. A method of inspecting and monitoring an internal surface of a pipe, which comprises: introducing a mobile line inspection device into the internal part of the pipe, the mobile line inspection device having one or more optical computations disposed therein adjacent to the internal surface of the pipe, in which each optical computing device has at least one integrated computational element; electromagnetic radiation interacting optically radiated from at least one substance present on the inner surface of the pipe, with at least one integrated computational element of each optical computing device, and the determination with the signal processor of a characteristic of at least one substance detected by each optical computing device Realization B may have one or more of the following additional elements in any combination:
[0119] Element 1: Realization B, which also comprises the generation of light optically interacting from at least one integrated computational element of each optical computing device; receiving, with at least one detector arranged in each optical computing device, the optically interacted light from the corresponding at least one integrated computational element; generating at least one detector of each optical computing device an output signal corresponding to the characteristic of at least one substance; and receiving the output signal from each optical computing device with the signal processor communicatively coupled to at least one detector of each optical computing device.
[0120] Element 2: Realization B, which further comprises providing the signal processor with a resulting output signal that provides a chemical map of the pipe.
[0121] Element 3: Realization B, further comprising the provision of a signal processor, a resulting output signal comprising data corresponding to the output signals of each optical computing device.
[0122] Element 4: Realization B, which further comprises: emitting electromagnetic radiation from a source of electromagnetic radiation arranged in each optical computing device; optically interacting electromagnetic radiation from each optical computing device with at least one substance; and generating optically interacted radiation to be detected by at least one detector on each optical computing device.
[0123] Element 5: Realization B, in which at least one detector in each optical computing device is a first detector, the method further comprising: receiving and detecting with a second detector arranged in each optical computing device at least a part of electromagnetic radiation; generating with each second detector a signal indicative of the radiation deviations from the corresponding electromagnetic radiation source of each optical computing device; and computationally combining the output signal and the compensation signal of each optical computing device with the signal processor communicatively coupled to the first and second detectors of each optical computing device, in which at least the characteristic of at least one substance is determined.
[0124] Element 6: Realization B, at least one substance is a solder and the one or more optical computing devices include a first optical computing device and a second optical computing device, the method further comprising: detecting the solder with the first optical computing device; generating a first output signal with the first optical computing device corresponding to the weld; detecting the weld with the second optical computing device, the second optical computing device being spaced axially from the first optical computing device by a known distance; generating a second output signal with the second optical computing device corresponding to the weld; receiving the first and second output signals with the signal processor; and computationally combining the first and second output signals to determine the speed of the mobile online inspection device.
[0125] Element 7: Realization B, in which at least one substance is an internal coating applied on the internal surface of the pipe and the characteristic is a corresponding chemical composition for the internal coating, the method further comprises providing the signal processor an indicative exit signal resulting from locations in the pipeline, where the inner liner is absent.
[0126] Element 8: Realization B, in which at least one substance is corrosion present on the internal surface of the pipe and the characteristic is an iron oxide corresponding to the corrosion, the method further comprises providing the signal processor with an indicative output signal resulting from locations in the pipeline where corrosion is present.
[0127] Therefore, the present invention is well adapted to achieve the mentioned purpose and advantages, as well as those that are inherent to it. The particular embodiments described above are illustrative only, as the present invention can be modified and practiced in different ways, regardless of equivalents. In addition, no limitation is intended for the details of construction or creation shown here, except those indicated in the claims below. It is, therefore, evident that the specific illustrative embodiments described above can be altered, combined or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the present invention. The invention described illustratively can be practiced properly in the absence of any element that is not specifically disclosed and / or any optional element disclosed herein. Although the compositions and methods are described in terms of "understanding", "containing", or "including" various components or steps, the compositions and methods can also "consist essentially of" or "consist of" various components and steps. All numbers and ranges described above may vary depending on the volume. Whenever a numerical range, with a lower limit and an upper limit is described, any number and any included range incurred in that range is specifically described. In particular, each range of values (in the form of "from about one to about b", or, equivalently, "from approximately one ab", or, equivalently, "from approximately ab" ) described here is to be understood as established for each number and range, encompassed within the broadest range of values. In addition, the terms in the claims have their normal, ordinary meaning, unless expressly and clearly defined by the patent holder. In addition, the indefinite articles "one" or "one", as used in the claims, are defined herein to mean one or more of the elements that it introduces.

权利要求:
Claims (18)
[0001]
1. System for inspection and monitoring of an internal surface of a pipe, characterized by the fact that it comprises: - a mobile line inspection device (308) disposed inside the pipe (302); - one or more optical computing devices (314) arranged on the mobile line inspection device (308) adjacent to the internal surface (304) of the pipe (302) for monitoring at least one substance present on the internal surface, the one or more optical computing devices (314) comprising: - an electromagnetic radiation source (404) configured to emit electromagnetic radiation that optically interacts with at least one substance; - at least one integrated computational element (100) configured to interact optically with at least one substance and thus generate optically interacted light (210, 214); - a first detector (212) arranged to receive optically interacted light (210, 214) and generate an output signal (320) corresponding to a characteristic of at least one substance; and - a second detector (216) configured to generate a compensation signal indicative of the deviations of electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source; and - a signal processor (318) configured to computationally combine the output signal of the first detector (212) and the compensation signal of the second detector (216) and provide a resulting output signal (322).
[0002]
2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one substance is a substance selected from the group consisting of an organic or inorganic deposit, iron oxide, a solder, an internal coating, one or more marks , and any combinations of these.
[0003]
3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile line inspection device (308) comprises a housing (310) with one or more drive disks (312) arranged at each end of the housing, the system further comprising: - a sensor housing (325) extending radially from the housing and having an outer periphery in the vicinity of the inner surface (304) of the pipeline (302), the one or more optical computing devices being arranged on the outer periphery of the sensor housing (325).
[0004]
4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises a plurality of fingers (324) extending from the mobile line inspection device (308) towards the internal surface (304) of the pipe ( 302), the plurality of fingers (324) with one or more optical computing devices coupled thereto and configured to place the one or more optical computing devices (314) adjacent to the internal surface.
[0005]
5. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile line inspection device (308) comprises a housing with one or more disk units arranged at each end of the compartment, the one or more optical computing devices being arranged on at least one or more disk drives.
[0006]
6. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the resulting output signal (322) is indicative of the characteristic of at least one substance.
[0007]
7. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the resulting output signal (322) is indicative of the characteristic of at least one substance and one or more additional substances present inside the pipe (302).
[0008]
8. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one substance comprises at least one first substance and a second substance, and the one or more optical computing devices (314) comprises: - a first set of optical computing devices arranged to monitor a first radial division of the inner surface (304) of the pipe (302) and detect a characteristic of the first substance; and - a second set of optical computing devices arranged to monitor a second radial division of the inner surface (304) of the pipe (302) and detect a characteristic of the second substance.
[0009]
9. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the resulting output signal (322) comprises a map of a plurality of substances found in each of a plurality of radial quadrants of the pipe (302).
[0010]
10. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the resulting output signal (322) comprises stored data corresponding to the output signals of each optical computing device.
[0011]
11. System, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the signal processor (318) is communicatively coupled to the first and second detectors (212, 216) and configured to receive and combine, in a computational way, the output and compensating signals in order to normalize the output signal (320).
[0012]
12. Method of inspection and monitoring of an internal surface of a pipe, characterized by the fact that it includes: - introducing a mobile line inspection device (308) in the internal part of the pipe (302), the mobile line inspection device (308) ) having one or more optical computing devices (314) disposed therein adjacent to the internal surface (304) of the pipe (302), each optical computing device having at least one integrated computing element (100) disposed therein; - optically interacting the electromagnetic radiation radiated from at least one substance present on the internal surface (304) of the pipe (302) with at least one integrated computational element of each optical computing device; determine with the signal processor (318) a characteristic of at least one substance detected by each optical computing device; - emit electromagnetic radiation from an electromagnetic radiation source (404) arranged in each optical computing device; - interacting optically the electromagnetic radiation of each optical computing device with at least one substance; - generate optically interacted radiation to be detected by at least one detector in each optical computing device, with at least one detector in each optical computing device being a first detector: - receiving and detecting with a second detector arranged in each device optical computing at least part of the electromagnetic radiation; - generate, with each second detector, a signal indicating compensation for radiation deviations from the corresponding electromagnetic radiation source (404) of each optical computing device; and - computationally combining the output signal and the compensation signal of each optical computing device with the signal processor (318) communicatively coupled to the first and second detectors (212, 216) of each device optical computing, with the characteristic of at least one substance being determined.
[0013]
13. Method, according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that it also comprises: - generating optically interacted light from at least one integrated computational element (100) from each optical computing device (104); - receiving, with at least one detector arranged inside each optical computing device, the optically interacted light from the corresponding at least one integrated computational element (100); - generating, with at least one detector from each optical computing device, an output signal (320) corresponding to a characteristic of at least one substance; and - receiving the output signal from each optical computing device with the signal processor (318) communicatively coupled to at least one detector of each optical computing device.
[0014]
14. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that it provides the chemical map of the pipe (302) comprises monitoring a plurality of substances in each of a plurality of radial quadrants of the pipe.
[0015]
15. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that it further comprises providing the signal processor (318) with a resulting output signal (322) comprising stored data corresponding to the output signals of each optical computing device ( 314).
[0016]
16. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the at least one substance is a solder and the one or more optical computing devices (314) include a first optical computing device and a second optical computing device, the method further comprising: - detecting the weld with the first optical computing device; - generating a first output signal with the first optical computing device corresponding to the weld; - detecting the weld with the second optical computing device, the second optical computing device being axially spaced from the first optical computing device by a known distance; - generating a second output signal with the first optical computing device corresponding to the weld; receiving the first and second output signals with the signal processor (318); and - computationally combining the first and second output signals to determine a speed of the mobile line inspection device (308).
[0017]
17. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the at least one substance is an internal coating applied to the internal surface (304) of the pipe (302) and the characteristic is a corresponding chemical composition for the internal coating, the a method further comprising providing the signal processor (318) with an indicative output signal (320) resulting from locations in the pipeline (302) where the inner liner is absent.
[0018]
18. Method, according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that at least one substance is corrosion present on the internal surface (304) of the pipe (302) and the characteristic is an iron oxide corresponding to the corrosion, the method comprises further providing the signal processor (318) with an output signal (320) indicative of the locations in the pipeline (302) where corrosion is present.

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NZ704137A|2015-12-24|

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SA515360091B1|2017-08-05|

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法律状态:
2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

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2019-10-08| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2020-03-31| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2020-11-03| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 10/09/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US13/616,459|2012-09-14|

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US13/616,459|US9176052B2|2012-09-14|2012-09-14|Systems and methods for inspecting and monitoring a pipeline|

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PCT/US2013/058965|WO2014043095A1|2012-09-14|2013-09-10|Systems and methods for inspecting and monitoring a pipeline|

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